GARNET

Garnets are a set of closely related minerals forming a group, with gemstones in almost every color.

OVERVIEW

ABOUT GARNET

Red garnets have a long history, but modern gem buyers can pick from a rich palette of garnet colors: greens, oranges, pinkish oranges, deeply saturated purplish reds, and even some blues. Red garnet is one of the most common and widespread of gems. But not all garnets are as abundant as the red ones. A green garnet, tsavorite, is rarer and needs rarer rock chemistries and conditions to form.

BIRTHSTONES & ANNIVERSARIES

Garnet is the birthstone for Januaryand the gem for the second anniversary.

TSAVO PARK

Campbell Bridges mined tsavorite garnet in Kenya near Tsavo National Park.

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FABERGE

The imperial Russian jeweler created intricate jewelry designs for demantoid garnet.

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3800 BC

A stylish red garnet bead necklace found in a grave in Egypt is more than 5,000 years old.

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FACTS

• Mineral: Garnet group
  
• Chemistry: 
  
• Almandine- Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Andradite- Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Grossular- Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Pyrope- Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Rhodolite- (Mg, Fe)₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Spessartine- Mn₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
  
• Color: All colors
  
• Refractive index: 1.714-1.888
  
• Birefringence: None
  
• Specific gravity: 3.47-4.15
  
• Mohs harness: 6.5-7.5

QUALITY FACTORS

When deciding which garnet to buy, think of garnets in terms of color.

COLOR

Garnet includes affordable dark red varieties, rare and valuable greens, and many colors in between.

CLARITY

Garnet clarity often depends on garnet type. Red garnets often don’t have eye-visible inclusions.

CUT

Many garnets are cut into standard shapes and calibrated sizes to allow setting into manufactured jewelry.

CARAT WEIGHT

Garnets can be found in all sizes and weights, although some varieties are rare in large sizes.